Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Mossy-textured hydroxyapatite-modified poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres promote collagen regeneration via calcium/TGF-β and chemokine signaling pathways in soft tissue augmentation

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.12.028

Figure Lengend Snippet: The regulatory effects of CaHA/PLGA microspheres on macrophages and ADSCs in vitro. (A, B) CLSM images and RFI of CD86 and CD206 expression in RAW264.7 cells co-cultured with microspheres for 2 days (n = 3). (C–F) Relative mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β1, and FGF-2 in RAW264.7 cells (n = 3). (G, H) Sirius red staining images and quantitative analysis (n = 3) of collagen deposition of ADSCs co-cultured with CaHA/PLGA microspheres for 3 and 7 days. (I–K) Relative mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1, FGF-2, and PDGF-A in ADSCs after 3 and 7 days of co-culture with CaHA/PLGA microspheres (n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05; ∗∗ p < 0.01; ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001; ns , not significant.

Article Snippet: CD86 polyclonal antibody (1:200, 13395-1-AP, Proteintech), CD206 (1:200, 18704-1-AP, Proteintech), and TNF-α recombinant antibody (1:200, 80258-6-RR, Proteintech) were used as primary antibodies, incubated overnight at 4 °C.

Techniques: In Vitro, Expressing, Cell Culture, Staining, Co-Culture Assay

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Mossy-textured hydroxyapatite-modified poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres promote collagen regeneration via calcium/TGF-β and chemokine signaling pathways in soft tissue augmentation

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.12.028

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of soft tissue filling and inflammatory response in rats. (A, B) Schematic diagram of the soft tissue filling experiment and injection sites, with at least 2 cm spacing between sites. (C) Photographs of subcutaneous soft tissue filling at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The white circles indicate the soft tissue filling areas. (D) H&E staining of the filled sites. (E, F) Immunofluorescence images and RFI of TNF-α and TGF-β expression at 2 weeks post-filling (n = 6). (G, H) Immunofluorescence images and RFI of CD86 and CD206 expression at 2 weeks post-filling (n = 6). ∗ p < 0.05; ∗∗ p < 0.01; ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001; ns , not significant.

Article Snippet: CD86 polyclonal antibody (1:200, 13395-1-AP, Proteintech), CD206 (1:200, 18704-1-AP, Proteintech), and TNF-α recombinant antibody (1:200, 80258-6-RR, Proteintech) were used as primary antibodies, incubated overnight at 4 °C.

Techniques: Injection, Staining, Immunofluorescence, Expressing

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Targeting TatD nuclease and the MAPK Pathway: Luteolin multifaceted approach against Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106426

Figure Lengend Snippet: TAT-TatD recombinant protein causes pyroptosis of cells. (A-G) The effect of TAT-TatD recombinant protein (2.5 μg/mL) on inflammatory factors within HD-11 cells ( n = 3), (A-C) The gene expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, (D-G) The protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β (with GAPDH serving as the internal control gene). (H—N) The effect of TAT-TatD recombinant protein (2.5 μg/mL) on pyroptosis factors within HD-11 cells ( n = 3), (H-J) The gene expression of Caspase-1, GSDMA, IL-18, (K-N) The protein expression of Caspase-1, GSDMA, and IL-18 (with GAPDH serving as the internal control gene). (O-T) The effect of TAT-TatD recombinant protein (2.5 μg/mL) on cGAS-STING signaling pathway within HD-11 cells ( n = 3). (O-P) The gene expression of cGAS and STING, (Q-T) The protein expression of cGAS, STING, and p-STING (with GAPDH serving as the internal control gene). (U) Immunofluorescence image of the cGAS-STING pathway, (V) Analysis of the fluorescence intensity of cGAS, (W) Analysis of the fluorescence intensity of p-STING.

Article Snippet: TNF-α , Bioss (bsm-33207 M) , 1:1000.

Techniques: Recombinant, Gene Expression, Expressing, Control, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Targeting TatD nuclease and the MAPK Pathway: Luteolin multifaceted approach against Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106426

Figure Lengend Snippet: LUT ameliorates pyroptosis induced by TAT-TatD recombinant protein in HD-11 cells via the cGAS-STING pathway. (A-G) The effect of LUT (16, 32, 64 μM) on inflammatory factors after treatment with TAT-TatD recombinant protein (2.5 μg/mL) ( n = 3), (A-C) The gene expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, (D-G) The protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β (with GAPDH serving as the internal control gene). (H—N) The effect of LUT (16, 32, 64 μM) on pyroptosis factors after treatment with TAT-TatD recombinant protein (2.5 μg/mL) ( n = 3), (H-J) The gene expression of Caspase-1, GSDMA, IL-18, (K-N) The protein expression of Caspase-1, GSDMA, and IL-18 (with GAPDH serving as the internal control gene). (O-T) The effect of LUT (16, 32, 64 μM) on cGAS-STING signaling pathway after treatment with TAT-TatD recombinant protein (2.5 μg/mL) ( n = 3). (O-P) The gene expression of cGAS and STING, (Q-T) The protein expression of cGAS, STING, and p-STING (with GAPDH serving as the internal control gene).

Article Snippet: TNF-α , Bioss (bsm-33207 M) , 1:1000.

Techniques: Recombinant, Gene Expression, Expressing, Control